The Drakes of Crowndale

An interactive exploration of the true ancestry of Sir Francis Drake, separating the yeoman farmer of Crowndale from the gentry of Ashe.

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Untangling the Two Drake Families

The name "John Drake" was common in 16th-century Devon, leading to persistent confusion. The primary goal of this analysis is to clearly distinguish between Sir Francis Drake's ancestors—the prosperous yeoman farmers of Crowndale—and the landed gentry of Ashe. Below is a direct comparison of the key figures and facts for each family line.

Drakes of Crowndale (Yeoman Line)

Patriarch

John Drake (c. 1490-1566)

Location

Crowndale Farm, Tavistock

Patriarch's Spouse

Margery Hawkins

Social Status

Prosperous Tenant Farmer (Yeoman)

Key Grandson

Sir Francis Drake

Drakes of Ashe (Gentry Line)

Patriarch

John Drake (d. 1558)

Location

Ashe House, Musbury

Patriarch's Mother

Margaret Cole

Social Status

Landed Gentry (Armigerous)

Key Son

Sir Bernard Drake

Interactive Family Trees

Visualize the two distinct lineages. Click on a name to see more details about the individual, based on the historical record. This helps to solidify the separation between the two family lines.

The Crowndale Lineage

  • Simon Drake
    fl. 1481
    • John Drake
      c.1490-1566
      • Edmund Drake
        c.1518-1566
        • Sir Francis Drake
          c.1540-1596
      • Robert Drake
        d. 1573
      • John Drake Jr.
        d. 1567

The Ashe Lineage

  • John Cole
    of Rill
    • Margaret Cole
      • John Drake
        d. 1558
        • Sir Bernard Drake
          d. 1586

Visualizing the Evidence

The distinction between the families is not speculation; it's based on documentary evidence. Here we visualize key data points from lease agreements, tax records, and the famous dispute over the family coat of arms.

Yeoman Wealth: 1544-45 Lay Subsidy

This chart shows the combined tax assessment of the Drake family of Crowndale on their goods, compared to the average assessment in Tavistock. Their prosperity is clear.

The Dispute Over Arms

When Sir Francis Drake adopted the arms of the Ashe family, Sir Bernard Drake's outrage proved they were not of the same immediate line. Queen Elizabeth I settled the matter by granting Francis his own, unique arms, celebrating his global circumnavigation.

Drakes of Ashe Arms

A silver shield with a red wyvern (a two-legged dragon).
Argent, a wyvern gules.

Sir Francis Drake's Awarded Arms

A black shield with a wavy band between the North and South Pole stars.
Sable, a fess wavy between two pole-stars.

The Path to a Legend

Sir Francis Drake's rise was not an accident. It was the result of a unique confluence of circumstances rooted in the life of his grandfather, John Drake of Crowndale. This flowchart illustrates the key steps that transformed a farmer's grandson into a national hero.

1. Yeoman Prosperity

John Drake builds wealth at Crowndale Farm.

2. The Hawkins Marriage

John marries Margery Hawkins, linking to a powerful seafaring family.

3. Religious Flight

Son Edmund (a Protestant) flees Devon for Kent.

4. A Seafaring Career

Francis is apprenticed to his Hawkins kinsmen, launching his destiny.